'Republic of Timor', 1961
In early 1961 the “Battle Office for the Liberation of Timor” (Bureau de Luta pela Libertação de Timor) was formed under the leadership of Maoclao and backed by Indonesia. A republic was proclaimed in the border town of Batugade on 9 April 1961 and a red flag with a white star on a gold-bordered black disk hoisted. It was quickly put down by Portuguese troops.