Sultanate of Witu, 1893
Witu had suffered repeated raids by the Sultanate of Zanzibar to capture slaves, and the Sultan in 1885 formally requested and got German protection. Witu was declared a British Protectorate on 18 June 1890. After armed protests, the British deposed Sultan Fumo Bakari ibn Ahmad and, in 1893, hoisted a new flag: a plain red flag, like the flag of Zanzibar, of which Witu was made a vassal, but with a small Union Jack in the centre.